{"id":4046,"date":"2013-09-02T09:40:00","date_gmt":"2013-09-02T07:40:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/10.0.1.197\/?p=4046"},"modified":"2024-08-09T09:52:16","modified_gmt":"2024-08-09T07:52:16","slug":"atsec-baidupay-pci-dss","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/192.168.0.78\/atsec-baidupay-pci-dss\/","title":{"rendered":"atsec\u4e2d\u56fd\u6210\u529f\u5b8c\u5168\u767e\u4ed8\u5b9dPCI DSS\u5408\u89c4\u6027\u8bc4\u4f30"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u5317\u4eac<\/strong> – atsec\u5f88\u8363\u5e78\u5730\u5ba3\u5e03\uff1a\u7531\u767e\u5ea6\u63a7\u80a1\u7684\u5317\u4eac\u767e\u4ed8\u5b9d\u79d1\u6280\u6709\u9650\u516c\u53f8\uff08\u4e2d\u6587\u7b80\u79f0\u201c\u767e\u4ed8\u5b9d\u201d\uff0c\u82f1\u6587\u7b80\u79f0”Baidupay”\uff09\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u4e86atsec\u57fa\u4e8e\u652f\u4ed8\u5361\u4ea7\u4e1a\u6570\u636e\u5b89\u5168\u6807\u51c6\uff08PCI DSS\uff1aPayment Card Industry Data Security Standards\uff09v 2.0\u7248\u672c\u7684\u7b26\u5408\u6027\u8bc4\u4f30\u3002\u672c\u6b21\u8bc4\u4f30\u7684\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5de5\u4f5c\u5706\u6ee1\u5b8c\u6210\u4e8e2013\u5e748\u670819\u65e5\uff0c\u662f\u767e\u4ed8\u5b9d\u9996\u6b21\u901a\u8fc7PCI DSS\u6570\u636e\u5b89\u5168\u6807\u51c6\u7b26\u5408\u6027\u8bc4\u4f30\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u4ece\u9879\u76ee\u542f\u52a8\uff0catsec\u5c31\u4e0e\u767e\u4ed8\u5b9d\u5c55\u5f00\u4e86\u7d27\u5bc6\u7684\u6c9f\u901a\uff0c\u5e76\u6267\u884c\u4e86\u9ad8\u5bc6\u5ea6\u7684\u54a8\u8be2\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002atsec\u9488\u5bf9PCI DSS\u6807\u51c6\u6267\u884c\u4e86\u51c6\u5907\u8bc4\u4f30\uff0c\u786e\u5b9a\u4e86\u672c\u6b21\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u5e76\u4e3a\u6b63\u5f0f\u8bc4\u4f30\u7684\u6267\u884c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5b8c\u6574\u5e76\u4e14\u6709\u9488\u5bf9\u6027\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u62a5\u544a\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0catsec\u6240\u6267\u884c\u7684\u6e17\u900f\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548cASV\u626b\u63cf\uff0c\u5728\u6ee1\u8db3PCI\u6807\u51c6\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u534f\u52a9\u767e\u4ed8\u5b9d\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u66f4\u6df1\u5165\u7684IT\u7cfb\u7edf\u52a0\u56fa\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u6574\u4f53\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff1b\u5728\u7ba1\u7406\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u5efa\u8bbe\u4e2d\uff0catsec\u54a8\u8be2\u56e2\u961f\u6210\u529f\u6709\u6548\u5730\u5c06PCI\u5408\u89c4\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u3001\u6d41\u7a0b\u4ee5\u53ca\u6307\u5bfc\u7c7b\u8981\u6c42\u878d\u5165\u5230\u4e86\u767e\u4ed8\u5b9d\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u7ba1\u7406\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e2d\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u9488\u5bf9\u767e\u4ed8\u5b9d\u7684\u652f\u4ed8\u5e73\u53f0\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u5168\u5c40\u6027\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u673a\u5236\uff0catsec\u57fa\u4e8e\u5176\u5b89\u5168\u63aa\u65bd\u7684\u5b9e\u8d28\u5b89\u5168\u76ee\u6807\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u7684\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u4e86\u767e\u4ed8\u5b9d\u5b89\u5168\u63aa\u65bd\u8fbe\u5230\u5408\u89c4\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4e5f\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\u4e86\u5408\u89c4\u6574\u6539\u5468\u671f\u548c\u5de5\u4f5c\u91cf\u7684\u6295\u5165\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u767e\u4ed8\u5b9d\u4e0eatsec\u53cc\u65b9\u9879\u76ee\u56e2\u961f\u5728\u5de5\u4f5c\u671f\u95f4\u4fdd\u6301\u7d27\u5bc6\u914d\u5408\uff0c\u9ad8\u6548\u4e14\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u5408\u89c4\u5efa\u8bbe\u548c\u8bc4\u4f30\u7684\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff0c\u5e76\u51fa\u5177\u4e86\u5408\u89c4\u62a5\u544a\uff08ROC\uff1aReport on Compliance\uff09\u548c\u5408\u89c4\u8bc1\u660e\uff08AOC\uff1aAttestation of Compliance\uff09\u3002\u6b64\u6b21\u5408\u89c4\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u6210\u529f\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u4e3a\u53cc\u65b9\u957f\u671f\u7d27\u5bc6\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u826f\u597d\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u5bf9\u4e8e\u767e\u4ed8\u5b9d\u6210\u529f\u4e14\u987a\u5229\u901a\u8fc7\u6b64\u6b21PCI\u5408\u89c4\u5efa\u8bbe\uff0c\u767e\u4ed8\u5b9d\u98ce\u9669\u7ba1\u7406\u76f8\u5173\u8d1f\u8d23\u4eba\u8868\u793a\uff1a\u201c\u6b64\u6b21\u987a\u5229\u901a\u8fc7PCI\u5408\u89c4\u5efa\u8bbe\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6807\u5fd7\u7740\u767e\u4ed8\u5b9d\u7684\u652f\u4ed8\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u8fbe\u5230\u4e86\u56fd\u9645\u652f\u4ed8\u4ea7\u4e1a\u7684\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u901a\u8fc7\u4fe1\u606f\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u68b3\u7406\u548c\u68c0\u67e5\uff0c\u6709\u6548\u5730\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u767e\u4ed8\u5b9d\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u5b89\u5168\u6c34\u5e73\uff0c\u4e3a\u767e\u4ed8\u5b9d\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u62d3\u5bbd\u4e1a\u52a1\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u62d3\u5c55\u66f4\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u652f\u4ed8\u5e94\u7528\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u575a\u5b9e\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n atsec\u4e2d\u56fd\u603b\u7ecf\u7406\u548cPCI\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u4e3b\u4efb\u5218\u5ca9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u672c\u6b21PCI\u6210\u529f\u5408\u89c4\u8868\u793a\uff1a\u201cPCI DSS\u6807\u51c6\u662f\u5168\u7403\u652f\u4ed8\u5361\u4ea7\u4e1a\u516c\u8ba4\u4e14\u6743\u5a01\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5b89\u5168\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u9488\u5bf9\u4e8e\u652f\u4ed8\u4e1a\u52a1\u6570\u636e\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u5168\u9762\u4e14\u7eb5\u6df1\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u57fa\u7ebf\u8981\u6c42\uff1b\u901a\u5e38\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5927\u578b\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u5408\u89c4\u662f\u5177\u6709\u96be\u5ea6\u7684\uff0c\u767e\u4ed8\u5b9d\u548catsec\u9879\u76ee\u56e2\u961f\u7684\u7d27\u5bc6\u4e14\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u4fdd\u969c\u4e86\u5408\u89c4\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u9ad8\u6548\u3002\u5408\u89c4\u7ed3\u679c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u80fd\u591f\u8fbe\u5230\u652f\u4ed8\u5361\u4ea7\u4e1a\u76d1\u7ba1\u673a\u6784\u7684\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u5176\u6301\u7eed\u5408\u89c4\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e1a\u52a1\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u957f\u8fdc\u7a33\u5b9a\u53d1\u5c55\u4e5f\u5177\u6709\u6df1\u8fdc\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u591a\u5e74\u4ee5\u6765\uff0catsec\u5728\u56fd\u5185\u7387\u5148\u62e5\u6709\u8bf8\u591a\u4e2d\u56fd\u672c\u571f\u6388\u6743\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u5e08QSA\uff0catsec\u4e2d\u56fd\u5168\u4f53\u56e2\u961f\u6210\u5458\u4ee5\u53ca\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6d77\u5916\u4e13\u5bb6\u56e2\u961f\u9762\u5411\u4e2d\u56fd\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e9a\u592a\u548c\u5168\u7403\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u63d0\u4f9b\u6700\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u3001\u9ad8\u6548\u3001\u4e14\u4ee5\u4e1a\u52a1\u4e3a\u5bfc\u5411\u7684PCI\u5b8c\u6574\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u800c\u7531\u4e8eatsec\u4e2d\u56fd\u56e2\u961f\u7684\u4e13\u6ce8\u6027\u4ee5\u53ca\u670d\u52a1\u4e2d\u56fd\u5ba2\u6237\u7684\u671f\u671b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u66f4\u91cd\u89c6\u4e14\u8d21\u732e\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u652f\u4ed8\u5b89\u5168\u4ea7\u4e1a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u5173\u4e8e\u827e\u7279\u8d5b\u514b<\/strong>(atsec)<\/strong>\u4fe1\u606f\u5b89\u5168<\/strong> atsec\u63d0\u4f9bPCI SSC\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e0b\u7684\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14atsec\u662f\u4e00\u5bb6\u80fd\u591f\u63d0\u4f9bPCI DSS\u548cPA-DSS\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u670d\u52a1\u7684QSA\u516c\u53f8\u3002atsec\u4e2d\u56fd\u662f\u76ee\u524d\u552f\u4e00\u4e00\u5bb6\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u4ee5\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u5b9e\u4f53\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86PCI SSC\u7684QSA\u3001ASV\u548cPA QSA\u8d44\u8d28\u7684\u4e2d\u7acb\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u5b89\u5168\u8bc4\u4f30\u673a\u6784\u3002atsec\u7684\u6e17\u900f\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3001\u5e94\u7528\u5b89\u5168\u3001ASV\uff08Approved Scanning Vendor\uff09\u670d\u52a1\u548c\u4fe1\u606f\u5b89\u5168\u54a8\u8be2\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8bc4\u4f30\u670d\u52a1\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u6709\u529b\u652f\u6491\u3002atsec\u662f\u4e00\u5bb6\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e0e\u5176\u5b83\u4ea7\u54c1\u4f9b\u5e94\u5546\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u5546\u4e1a\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n atsec\u63d0\u4f9b\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u6807\u51c6\u4e0e\u6280\u672f\u7814\u7a76\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\uff08NIST\uff1aNational Institute of Standards and Technology\uff09\u548c\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u901a\u8baf\u5b89\u5168\u534f\u4f1a\uff08CSEC\uff1aCommunications Security Establishment Canada\uff09\u5236\u5b9a\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u6a21\u5757\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e0b\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u6a21\u5757\u548c\u7b97\u6cd5\u6d4b\u8bd5\u670d\u52a1\u3002atsec\u540c\u65f6\u63d0\u4f9bNIST\u4e2a\u4eba\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4f53\u7cfb\uff08NPIVP\uff09\u3001\u5bc6\u7801\u7b97\u6cd5\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff08CAVP\uff1aCryptographic Algorithm Validation Program\uff09\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u5185\u5bb9\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u534f\u8bae\uff08SCAP\uff1aSecurity Content Automation Protocol Program\uff09\u4e0b\u7684\u6b63\u5f0f\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u53caGSA FIPS 201 EP\u4e0b\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\u8ba4\u53ef\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n atsec\u613f\u610f\u4e0e\u4efb\u4f55\u516c\u53f8\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u5176\u89c4\u6a21\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u5176\u91cd\u89c6IT\u5b89\u5168\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u5173\u4e8e\u767e\u4ed8\u5b9d\uff08Baidupay\uff09<\/strong><\/strong> \u5728\u7535\u5b50\u652f\u4ed8\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u767e\u4ed8\u5b9d\u51ed\u501f\u521b\u65b0\u800c\u52a1\u5b9e\u7684\u98ce\u683c\u3001\u9886\u5148\u7684\u6280\u672f\u3001\u654f\u9510\u7684\u5e02\u573a\u9884\u89c1\u529b\u3001\u5bf9\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u548c\u5546\u5bb6\u53cc\u91cd\u8d1f\u8d23\u7684\u4f01\u4e1a\u5f62\u8c61\uff0c\u8fc5\u901f\u8d62\u5f97\u94f6\u884c\u7b49\u5408\u4f5c\u4f19\u4f34\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u8ba4\u540c\u3002\u622a\u81f3\u76ee\u524d\u5df2\u4e0e\u4e2d\u56fd\u5de5\u5546\u94f6\u884c\u3001\u62db\u5546\u94f6\u884c\u3001\u4e2d\u56fd\u519c\u4e1a\u94f6\u884c\u3001\u4e2d\u56fd\u5efa\u8bbe\u94f6\u884c\u3001\u4e2d\u56fd\u94f6\u8054\u7b49\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u6218\u7565\u5408\u4f5c\u4f19\u4f34\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u968f\u7740\u4e2d\u56fd\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\u548c\u7f51\u7edc\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u4e0d\u65ad\u6210\u719f\uff0c\u7535\u5b50\u5546\u52a1\u4ea7\u4e1a\u5df2\u8fdb\u5165\u9ad8\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\u9636\u6bb5\u3002\u767e\u4ed8\u5b9d\u5c06\u4e00\u76f4\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u5728\u7ebf\u652f\u4ed8\u884c\u4e1a\uff0c\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u6839\u636e\u5ba2\u6237\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u63a8\u51fa\u521b\u65b0\u4ea7\u54c1\uff0c\u4e3a\u4fc3\u8fdb\u7535\u5b50\u5546\u52a1\u4ea7\u4e1a\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u53d1\u5c55\u505a\u51fa\u4e0d\u61c8\u52aa\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u5317\u4eac – atsec\u5f88\u8363\u5e78\u5730\u5ba3\u5e03\uff1a\u7531\u767e\u5ea6\u63a7\u80a1\u7684\u5317\u4eac\u767e\u4ed8\u5b9d\u79d1\u6280\u6709\u9650\u516c\u53f8\uff08\u4e2d\u6587\u7b80\u79f0\u201c\u767e […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/192.168.0.78\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4046"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/192.168.0.78\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/192.168.0.78\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/192.168.0.78\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/192.168.0.78\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4046"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"http:\/\/192.168.0.78\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4046\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4054,"href":"http:\/\/192.168.0.78\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4046\/revisions\/4054"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/192.168.0.78\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4046"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/192.168.0.78\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4046"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/192.168.0.78\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4046"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\u827e\u7279\u8d5b\u514b\u4fe1\u606f\u5b89\u5168\uff08atsec information security\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u5bb6\u72ec\u7acb\u4e14\u57fa\u4e8e\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u6280\u672f\uff08IT\uff1aInformation Technology\uff09\u5b89\u5168\u670d\u52a1\u516c\u53f8(www.atsec.com)\uff0c\u5b83\u5f88\u597d\u5730\u5c06\u5546\u4e1a\u5bfc\u5411\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u5b89\u5168\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u6df1\u5165\u7684\u6280\u672f\u77e5\u8bc6\u4ee5\u53ca\u5168\u7403\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\u3002atsec\u5728\u5fb7\u56fd\u6155\u5c3c\u9ed1\u6210\u7acb\u4e8e2000\u5e74\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u901a\u8fc7\u7f8e\u56fd\u3001\u5fb7\u56fd\u3001\u745e\u5178\u548c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u529e\u516c\u5ba4\u5f00\u5c55\u4e86\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u4e1a\u52a1\u3002atsec\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5305\u62ec\u6b63\u5f0f\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u8bc4\u4f30\u3001\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u8bc4\u4f30\u4ee5\u53ca\u4fe1\u606f\u5b89\u5168\u54a8\u8be2\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u767e\u4ed8\u5b9d\u7531\u5168\u7403\u6700\u5927\u7684\u4e2d\u6587\u641c\u7d22\u5f15\u64ce\u516c\u53f8\u767e\u5ea6\u6240\u521b\u529e\uff0c\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u9886\u5148\u7684\u5728\u7ebf \u652f\u4ed8\u5e94\u7528\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5e73\u53f0\u3002\u767e\u4ed8\u5b9d\u4ee5\u5efa\u7acb\u201c\u7b80\u5355\u53ef\u4f9d\u8d56\u201d\u7684\u5728\u7ebf\u652f\u4ed8\u4fe1\u7528\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e3a\u5df1\u4efb\uff0c\u5176\u521b\u65b0\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\u6280\u672f\u3001\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u529f\u80fd\u3001\u4e3a\u7528\u6237\u91cf\u8eab\u5b9a\u505a\u7684\u4ea4\u6613\u4f53\u9a8c\u6d41\u7a0b\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e92\u8054\u7f51 \u7528\u6237\u548c\u4f01\u4e1a\u63d0\u4f9b\u5b89\u5168\u3001\u53ef\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\u5728\u7ebf\u652f\u4ed8\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u767e\u4ed8\u5b9d\u63d0\u4f9b\u5353\u8d8a\u7684\u7f51\u4e0a\u652f\u4ed8\u548c\u6e05\u7b97\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u4e3a\u7528\u6237\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5728\u7ebf\u5145\u503c\u3001\u4ea4\u6613\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u751f\u6d3b\u670d\u52a1\u3001\u5728\u7ebf\u652f\u4ed8\u3001\u63d0\u73b0\u3001\u8d26\u6237\u63d0\u9192\u7b49\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n